fix: raise ValueError on negative inputs in radix_sort

Fixes #14950

Author: deepshekhardas

sorts/radix_sort.py

@@ -21,7 +21,13 @@ def radix_sort(list_of_ints: list[int]) -> list[int]:
     True
     >>> radix_sort([1,100,10,1000]) == sorted([1,100,10,1000])
     True
+    >>> radix_sort([-1, 2, -5, 0])
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    ValueError: radix_sort() cannot sort negative numbers
     """
+    if any(i < 0 for i in list_of_ints):
+        raise ValueError("radix_sort() cannot sort negative numbers")
     placement = 1
     max_digit = max(list_of_ints)
     while placement <= max_digit: