diff --git a/src/main/scala/analysis/KnownBits.scala b/src/main/scala/analysis/KnownBits.scala
index 3132a63c6..511e63697 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/analysis/KnownBits.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/analysis/KnownBits.scala
@@ -467,10 +467,10 @@ case class TNum(value: BitVecLiteral, mask: BitVecLiteral) {
   }
 
   // Get smallest possible unsigned value of the TNum (e.g. Min value of TT0 is 000)
-  def minUnsigned = (this.value & ~this.mask).value
+  def minUnsigned = mustBits.value
 
   // Get largest possible unsigned value of the TNum (e.g. Max value of TT0 is 110)
-  def maxUnsigned = (this.value | this.mask).value
+  def maxUnsigned = mayBits.value
 
   def mustBits = (this.value & ~this.mask)
   def mustNotBits = ((~this.value) & ~this.mask)
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ class TNumDomain extends AbstractDomain[Map[Variable, TNum]] {
 
   // s is the abstract state from previous command/block
   override def transfer(s: Map[Variable, TNum], b: Command): Map[Variable, TNum] = {
-    b match {
+    val r = b match {
       // Assign variable to variable (e.g. x = y)
       case LocalAssign(lhs: Variable, rhs: Expr, _) =>
         s.updated(lhs, evaluateExprToTNum(s, rhs))
@@ -716,9 +716,22 @@ class TNumDomain extends AbstractDomain[Map[Variable, TNum]] {
         // Overapproxiate memory values with Top
         s.updated(lhs, TNum.top(size))
 
+      case i: IndirectCall => Map()
+      case a: Assign => s ++ a.assignees.map(l => l -> TNum.top(sizeBits(l.irType)))
       // Default case
-      case _ => s
+      case _: NOP => s
+      case _: Assert => s
+      case _: Assume => s
+      case _: GoTo => s
+      case _: Return => s
+      case _: Unreachable => s
+      case _: MemoryStore => s
     }
+    r
+  }
+
+  override def join(left: Map[Variable, TNum], right: Map[Variable, TNum], pos: Block): Map[Variable, TNum] = {
+    join(left, right)
   }
 
   /**
@@ -729,7 +742,7 @@ class TNumDomain extends AbstractDomain[Map[Variable, TNum]] {
    *   x = 1111 => value = 1111, mask = 0000
    *   Joined x = 1111 => value = 1111, mask = 0000
    */
-  override def join(left: Map[Variable, TNum], right: Map[Variable, TNum], pos: Block): Map[Variable, TNum] = {
+  def join(left: Map[Variable, TNum], right: Map[Variable, TNum]): Map[Variable, TNum] = {
     (left.keySet ++ right.keySet).map { key =>
       val width = sizeBits(key.getType)
       val leftTNum = left.getOrElse(key, TNum.top(width))
diff --git a/src/main/scala/ir/transforms/ExtractExtendZeroBits.scala b/src/main/scala/ir/transforms/ExtractExtendZeroBits.scala
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..341827dba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/ir/transforms/ExtractExtendZeroBits.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+package ir.transforms
+
+import ir.transforms.interprocSummaryFixpointSolver
+import analysis.*
+import ir.*
+import ir.cilvisitor.*
+import collection.immutable.SortedMap
+
+object ExtractExtendZeroBits {
+
+  def resultToTransform(result: Map[Variable, TNum]): Map[Variable, Variable] = {
+    val d = TNumDomain()
+
+    def bitSet(b: BitVecLiteral, n: Int) = {
+      ((b.value >> n) & 1) == 1
+    }
+
+    def highBitsZero(n: TNum): Option[Int] = {
+      var num: Option[Int] = None
+
+      val maxSet = n.mayBits
+
+      var delt = false
+      for (r <- (maxSet.size - 1) to 0 by -1) {
+        if (bitSet(maxSet, r)) {
+          delt = true
+        } else {
+          num = Some(r)
+        }
+      }
+      num match {
+        case Some(n) if n < maxSet.size => Some(n)
+        case _ => None
+      }
+    }
+
+    val varReplace = result.flatMap {
+      case (v: Variable, tn: TNum) => {
+        highBitsZero(tn) match {
+          case None => None
+          case Some(mostSigZeroBit) => {
+            v match {
+              case l @ LocalVar(n, BitVecType(sz), i) =>
+                Some(v -> l.copy(irType = BitVecType(sz - mostSigZeroBit)))
+              case l @ Register(n, sz) =>
+                Some(v -> l.copy(size = sz - mostSigZeroBit))
+              case _ => None
+            }
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    varReplace
+  }
+
+  class ReplaceSigns(procReplacements: Map[Procedure, Map[Variable, Variable]]) extends CILVisitor {
+
+    var replacement: Map[Variable, Variable] = Map()
+
+    override def vproc(proc: Procedure) = {
+      replacement = procReplacements.get(proc).getOrElse(Map())
+
+      // change formal param function signature
+      val newIn = proc.formalInParam.foreach {
+        case p if replacement.contains(p) => {
+          proc.formalInParam.remove(p)
+          proc.formalInParam.add(replacement(p).asInstanceOf[LocalVar])
+        }
+        case _ => ()
+      }
+      val newOut = proc.formalOutParam.foreach {
+        case p if replacement.contains(p) => {
+          proc.formalOutParam.remove(p)
+          proc.formalOutParam.add(replacement(p).asInstanceOf[LocalVar])
+        }
+        case _ => ()
+      }
+
+      // fixup calls to this function for new signature
+      for (call <- proc.incomingCalls()) {
+        call.outParams = SortedMap.from(call.outParams.map {
+          case (p, v) if replacement.contains(p) && replacement.contains(v) =>
+            val l = replacement.getOrElse(p, p).asInstanceOf[LocalVar]
+            val r = replacement.getOrElse(v, v)
+            l -> r
+          case p => p
+        })
+
+        call.actualParams = SortedMap.from(call.actualParams.map {
+          case (p, e0) if replacement.contains(p) => {
+            val e = visit_expr(this, e0)
+            val l = replacement.getOrElse(p, p).asInstanceOf[LocalVar]
+            val r = if size(e).get != size(l).get then Extract(size(l).get, 0, e) else e
+            l -> r
+          }
+          case p => p
+        })
+
+      }
+      DoChildren()
+    }
+
+    override def vjump(j: Jump) = j match {
+      case r: Return => {
+        ChangeDoChildrenPost(
+          r,
+          _ match {
+            case r: Return => {
+              r.outParams = SortedMap.from(r.outParams.map {
+                case (v, e) if replacement.contains(v) =>
+                  val repl: LocalVar = replacement(v).asInstanceOf[LocalVar]
+                  val rhs = if size(e).get != size(repl).get then Extract(size(repl).get, 0, e) else e
+                  repl -> rhs
+                case o => o
+              })
+              r
+            }
+            case o => o
+          }
+        )
+      }
+      case _ => DoChildren()
+    }
+
+    override def vstmt(s: Statement) = {
+      s match {
+        case l @ LocalAssign(lhs, rhs, _) if replacement.contains(lhs) => {
+          l.lhs = replacement(lhs)
+          l.rhs = Extract(size(replacement(lhs)).get, 0, rhs)
+        }
+        case l @ MemoryAssign(lhs, rhs, _) if replacement.contains(lhs) => {
+          l.lhs = replacement(lhs)
+          l.rhs = Extract(size(replacement(lhs)).get, 0, rhs)
+        }
+        case m: MemoryLoad => {
+          // not possible to replace lhs
+          ()
+        }
+        // case s: SimulAssign => {
+        //  s.assignments = s.assignments.map {
+        //    case (lhs, rhs) if replacement.contains(lhs) => {
+        //      replacement(lhs) -> Extract(size(replacement(lhs)).get, 0, rhs)
+        //    }
+        //    case o => o
+        //  }
+        // }
+        case _ => ()
+      }
+      DoChildren()
+    }
+
+    override def vexpr(e: Expr) = e match {
+      case v: Variable if replacement.contains(v) => {
+        val r = replacement(v)
+        ChangeTo(ZeroExtend(size(v).get - size(r).get, r))
+      }
+      case _ => DoChildren()
+    }
+  }
+
+  def doTransform(p: Program) = {
+    val d = TNumDomain()
+
+    class SummaryGen extends ProcedureSummaryGenerator[Map[Variable, TNum], Map[Variable, TNum]] {
+
+      val dom = TNumDomain()
+      override def bot = Map[Variable, TNum]()
+      override def top = Map[Variable, TNum]()
+      override def join(l: Map[Variable, TNum], r: Map[Variable, TNum], pos: Procedure) = dom.join(l, r)
+      // overrided in analysis
+      override def transfer(l: Map[Variable, TNum], b: Procedure) = ???
+
+      def localTransferCall(
+        l: Map[Variable, TNum],
+        summaryForTarget: Map[Variable, TNum],
+        p: DirectCall
+      ): Map[Variable, TNum] = {
+        val joined = p.outParams.map {
+          case (formal, lhs) => {
+            val joined = (summaryForTarget.get(formal), l.get(lhs)) match {
+              case (Some(a), Some(b)) => a.join(b)
+              case (Some(a), None) => a
+              case (None, Some(a)) => a
+              case (None, None) => TNum.top(d.sizeBits(formal.irType))
+            }
+            lhs -> joined
+          }
+        }
+
+        l ++ joined.toMap
+      }
+      def updateSummary(
+        prevSummary: Map[Variable, TNum],
+        p: Procedure,
+        resBefore: Map[Block, Map[Variable, TNum]],
+        resAfter: Map[Block, Map[Variable, TNum]]
+      ): Map[Variable, TNum] = {
+        p.returnBlock.flatMap(resAfter.get(_)).getOrElse(Map())
+      }
+    }
+    applyRPO(p)
+
+    val solver = interprocSummaryFixpointSolver(d, SummaryGen())
+
+    val result = solver.solveProgInterProc(p)
+
+    val tx = p.procedures
+      .filter(result.contains)
+      .map(proc => {
+        val r = result(proc)
+        val tx = resultToTransform(r)
+        proc -> tx
+      })
+      .toMap
+
+    val vis = ReplaceSigns(tx)
+    visit_prog(vis, p)
+
+    visit_prog(ir.eval.SimpExpr(ir.eval.simplifyPaddingAndSlicingExprFixpoint), p)
+
+    assert(invariant.correctCalls(p))
+  }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/main/scala/ir/transforms/Simp.scala b/src/main/scala/ir/transforms/Simp.scala
index e1c8a5867..c6d40fb35 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/ir/transforms/Simp.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/ir/transforms/Simp.scala
@@ -715,6 +715,7 @@ def copypropTransform(
 
   visit_proc(CleanupAssignments(), p)
   t.checkPoint("redundant assignments")
+  t.checkPoint("cleanup extract extend zerobits ")
   // SimplifyLogger.info(s"    ${p.name} after dead var cleanup expr complexity ${ExprComplexity()(p)}")
 
   AlgebraicSimplifications(p)
@@ -1068,6 +1069,7 @@ def doCopyPropTransform(p: Program, rela: Map[BigInt, BigInt]) = {
 
   // cleanup
   visit_prog(CleanupAssignments(), p)
+  ExtractExtendZeroBits.doTransform(p)
 
   SimplifyLogger.info("[!] Simplify :: Merge empty blocks")
   cleanupBlocks(p)