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TJC-1055: Add 6 text functions (TRIM, MID, FIND, SUBSTITUTE, VALUE, TEXT)#231

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TJC-1055: Add 6 text functions (TRIM, MID, FIND, SUBSTITUTE, VALUE, TEXT)#231
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@slee62 slee62 commented May 7, 2026

Summary

  • Adds six Excel-compatible text functions to xl-evaluatorTRIM, MID, FIND, SUBSTITUTE, VALUE, TEXT — closing feat(evaluator): Add FIND function #116 and unblocking the data-cleaning use cases that were previously impossible to express as formulas. Note: in-repo docs (CLAUDE.md, STATUS.md) and the function-count listing aspirationally claimed these as part of the existing 82 functions, but multi-layered verification (source grep, git pickaxe history sweep, and live xl evala runtime checks) confirmed all 6 returned UnknownFunction and no registration existed.
  • Adds 62 tests in a new TextFunctionsSpec.scala covering scalar behavior across the 6 functions, 4 high-leverage ScalaCheck property laws (TRIM idempotence, FIND/MID/LEN coupling, SUBSTITUTE accounting law, VALUE/TEXT round-trip), the CellValue type matrix (Empty/Number/Bool/Error coercion via TRIM), function composition (including the returnsNumeric regression test in §9.4), end-to-end evaluateFormula paths, parser-dispatch edges, and printer round-trip determinism. Test density (~10/function) matches the repo's per-category norm.
  • TEXT delegates to the existing 700-line FormatCodeParser in xl-core/display rather than re-implementing format-code interpretation. Three Excel-specific overrides handle the cases the formatter doesn't cover: empty format string returns "", empty cell coerces to Number(0) before formatting, and text input passes through unchanged.
  • Generalizes a latent pre-existing bug in TExprCoercions.asIntExpr: the unsafe asInstanceOf[TExpr[Int]] catch-all crashed at runtime whenever any BigDecimal-returning expression landed in an Int-arg position (e.g. =MID(A1, SUM(...), 5), =LEFT(A1, ROUND(B1, 0)), =MID(A1, MATCH(...), 5)). Fix: add a returnsNumeric: Boolean flag to FunctionFlags (mirroring the existing returnsDate/returnsTime), mark all 47 BigDecimal-returning function specs with it, and dispatch on the flag in asIntExpr — closing the whole class of bug instead of patching FIND + arithmetic in isolation.
  • VALUE intentionally rejects date/time strings (deferred to a follow-up issue per the locale-rabbit-hole risk). Currency, percent, accounting parens (1,234), scientific, and $- sign-currency interaction are all handled.
  • Tightens FIND start-bound to match Excel docs precisely: start_num > length(within_text) now returns #VALUE! regardless of needle (previously =FIND("", "abc", 4) silently succeeded and returned 4).
  • Adds a runnable scala-cli demo at examples/text_functions_demo.sc that exercises all 6 functions across 5 realistic patterns (cleanup pipeline, currency parsing, display formatting, email-domain extraction, TEXT(VALUE(s)) round-trip). All 18 demo formulas verified end-to-end via the published artifact path.
  • Documents the new functions in the user-facing skill bundle (plugin/skills/xl-cli/reference/FORMULAS.md) so LLM agents using the xl skill discover them.

Lines changed by category

+1228 / -179 across 20 files

Category Lines % of total
Tests (TextFunctionsSpec, FormulaParserSpec) ~+572 / -7 ~47%
Code — coercion + flag-marking across spec files ~+372 / -165 ~30%
Code — new text-function specs (xl-evaluator/src) ~+155 ~13%
Demo script (examples/text_functions_demo.sc) ~+117 ~10%
Docs (CLAUDE.md, STATUS.md, roadmap.md, examples.md, FORMULAS.md) ~+12 / -7 ~1%

How it works

TEXT — delegation to FormatCodeParser

   =TEXT(value, format)
            │
            ▼
┌──────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  TEXT FunctionSpec eval                  │
│   1. eval format string                  │
│   2. eval value -> ExprValue             │
│   3. coerce ExprValue -> CellValue       │
│      ┌─ Cell(Empty) -> Number(0)         │
│      └─ default toCellValue(...)         │
│   4. branch on format string             │
└──────────────┬───────────────────────────┘
               │
   format == "" ?
        │              │
       yes             no
        │              │
        ▼              ▼
   return ""    NumFmtFormatter.formatValue(
                  cellValue,
                  NumFmt.Custom(format))
                       │
                       ▼
            ┌──────────────────────┐
            │ FormatCodeParser     │
            │  parse + applyFormat │
            │  (existing 700 LOC)  │
            └──────────────────────┘
                       │
                       ▼
                formatted String

Empty-cell-as-zero, empty-format-returns-empty, and text-passthrough are the three Excel quirks layered on top of pure delegation. Text(s) passthrough is handled natively by NumFmtFormatter.formatValue's existing CellValue.Text(s) => s case.

asIntExpr — flag-based dispatch via returnsNumeric

   TExpr[?] (parser output)
            │
            ▼
   ┌──────────────────────────────────────┐
   │  asIntExpr coercion                  │
   ├──────────────────────────────────────┤
   │  PolyRef         → Ref(decodeAsInt)  │
   │  Lit(BigDecimal) → Lit(Int) if isValidInt
   │  Call(spec) where spec.flags         │
   │     .returnsNumeric                  │  ← new (single rule)
   │                  → ToInt(call)       │
   │  Add/Sub/Mul/Div/Pow                 │
   │                  → ToInt(expr)       │  ← arithmetic chains
   │  other           → asInstanceOf      │
   │                    [TExpr[Int]]      │
   └──────────────────────────────────────┘

FunctionFlags already carries returnsDate and returnsTime, with asNumericExpr dispatching on those flags. Adding a third flag, returnsNumeric, lets asIntExpr collapse what would have been ~50 per-function Call cases (year, month, day, len, find, plus everything in §Aggregate/Math/Reference/Lookup/Financial) into one rule. Each numeric spec is marked flags = FunctionFlags(returnsNumeric = true), mirroring how date specs are marked returnsDate = true. New BigDecimal-returning functions added in the future just need the flag — no asIntExpr changes required.

Files changed

  • xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/functions/FunctionSpec.scala — Adds returnsNumeric: Boolean = false to FunctionFlags (third flag alongside returnsDate / returnsTime).
  • xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/functions/FunctionSpecsText.scala — Six new FunctionSpec definitions (TRIM, MID, FIND, SUBSTITUTE, VALUE, TEXT) plus four private helpers: trimAsciiSpaces, substituteImpl + replaceNthOccurrence, parseExcelNumber, exprValueForTextFn. LEN / FIND / VALUE marked returnsNumeric = true.
  • xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/functions/FunctionSpecsBase.scala — Adds 4 new arg-shape type aliases: TextIntInt, FindArgs, SubstituteArgs, TextArgs.
  • xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/ast/TExprTextOps.scala — Adds 6 typed builder methods (trim, mid, find, substitute, value, text) mirroring the existing left/right/upper/lower style.
  • xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/ast/TExprCoercions.scala — Replaces five per-function Call cases in asIntExpr with a single returnsNumeric flag check; keeps the arithmetic case (Add/Sub/Mul/Div/Pow).
  • FunctionSpecsAggregate.scala / FunctionSpecsMath.scala / FunctionSpecsDateTime.scala / FunctionSpecsFinancialCashflow.scala / FunctionSpecsFinancialTvm.scala / FunctionSpecsLookupIndex.scala / FunctionSpecsReference.scala — Marks 47 BigDecimal-returning FunctionSpec definitions with flags = FunctionFlags(returnsNumeric = true). Mechanical labeling, no logic changes.
  • xl-evaluator/test/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/TextFunctionsSpec.scala — 62 tests organized in 14 sections; uses forAllNoShrink and a BigDecimal(BigInt, scale) generator to keep ScalaCheck shrinking inside each property's invariants. Includes regression tests for the FIND start-bound fix (§3) and the broader returnsNumeric fix (§9.4: =MID(A1, SUM(B1:B3), 5), =LEFT(A1, ROUND(B1+0.4, 0)), =MID(A1, ABS(-3), 5)).
  • xl-evaluator/test/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/FormulaParserSpec.scala — Bumps the registry meta-test from 82 → 88 functions; adds explicit assert(functions.contains(...)) for each of the 6 new function names.
  • examples/text_functions_demo.sc — Runnable scala-cli demo exercising all 6 functions across realistic data-cleaning patterns; prints actual vs expected for each formula so divergences pop visually.
  • plugin/skills/xl-cli/reference/FORMULAS.md — Documents all 6 new functions in the user-facing skill bundle so LLM agents (xl-agent, Anthropic Skills API) discover them.
  • CLAUDE.md — Function count 82 → 88; adds FIND to the registered function name list; bumps test count 1075+ → 1080+.
  • docs/STATUS.md — Function library 81 → 87 functions, 232 → 236 tests; xl-evaluator total ~280 → ~284 tests; overall ~1075+ → ~1080+ tests.
  • docs/plan/roadmap.md — TL;DR function count 81 → 87; test count 733+ → 1080+; adds TJC-1055 to Completed Work.
  • docs/reference/examples.md — Links the new examples/text_functions_demo.sc.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

slee62 and others added 10 commits May 6, 2026 11:34
…-1055, GH-116)

Drives the implementation of TRIM, MID, FIND, SUBSTITUTE, VALUE, TEXT via TDD.
The spec covers scalar behavior, 10 property-based laws, cell-value type
coercion, function composability, parser dispatch, error fidelity, and OOXML
determinism — chosen so each test kills a specific impl mistake.

- Adds stub FunctionSpecs returning EvalFailed("not yet implemented") so the
  spec compiles and runs (84 fail substantively, 14 are vacuous passes for
  parse-time errors and error-propagation cases).
- Adds 6 TExpr builders mirroring the existing left/right/upper/lower style.
- Bumps the meta-test in FormulaParserSpec from 82 → 88 registered functions.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Excel TRIM: collapse runs of ASCII space (0x20) and strip leading/trailing
spaces. All other whitespace — tab, newline, nbsp, BOM, ZWSP — is preserved
verbatim. Implemented as split-on-' ' / drop-empties / mkString(" ").

Turns 16 tests green: 8 scalars, idempotence + length-monotonicity properties,
4-case cell-value type matrix, LEN(TRIM(...)) composition, e2e formula path.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
1-indexed substring extraction. Validates start >= 1 and length >= 0 with
exact error messages. Clamps start+length on overflow using Long arithmetic
to handle Int.MaxValue safely. Returns empty when start is past end of text.

Turns 14 tests green: 9 scalars (including surrogate-pair UTF-16 semantics
and Int.MaxValue overflow guard), MID/LEFT consistency law, slicing
transitivity, LEN(MID(Empty)), MID(TRIM(...)) composition, e2e formula,
error-message fidelity.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Case-sensitive 1-indexed substring search via String.indexOf. Validates
start_num >= 1 and start_num <= len+1. Empty needle returns start_num
(Excel quirk). Not-found returns EvalFailed naming the function and
echoing the needle/haystack for diagnostics.

Also adds haystackWithNeedle generator in TextFunctionsSpec to fix the
FIND/MID/LEN coupling property test, which previously discarded too many
random pairs (only 14 useful cases per 500 tries) due to the precondition
s.contains(x) being rarely satisfied. The new generator constructs
(s, x) pairs where x is a substring of s by construction.

Turns 11 tests green: 9 FIND scalars, FIND/MID/LEN coupling property,
first-char law, ISERROR(FIND) idiom, e2e formula, error-message fidelity,
error-variant propagation through cell-error inputs.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Forward, non-overlapping match-by-content replacement. Two paths:
  - All occurrences: delegate to Java String.replace (literal, non-regex,
    forward, non-overlapping — exactly Excel semantics).
  - Specific instance N: tail-recursive scan to locate the Nth occurrence,
    then splice. Returns text unchanged if instance > occurrence count.

Empty old_text quirk: returns text unchanged (matches Excel behavior).
Instance < 1: EvalFailed with the offending instance value echoed.

Turns 14 tests green: 9 scalars (including regex-injection killer, forward
non-overlapping scan, replacement-longer-than-match no-infinite-loop),
accounting-law property (kills off-by-one in instance counting), identity
property, empty-old quirk property, SUBSTITUTE-of-SUBSTITUTE nesting,
e2e formula, and the comma-inside-string-literal parser test.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Excel-style numeric string parser. Pipeline:
  1. Trim whitespace.
  2. Empty → 0 (Excel quirk).
  3. Detect accounting parens "(...)" as negative sign.
  4. Detect trailing "%" for divide-by-100.
  5. Strip currency "$" and thousands ",".
  6. Parse remainder as BigDecimal (preserves exact precision; handles
     scientific notation natively).

Date / time string parsing is intentionally deferred — date-looking inputs
fall through to BigDecimal parse and return EvalFailed. Follow-up issue
will add ISO 8601 / locale-aware date parsing as a separate concern.

Error path echoes the original (untrimmed) input verbatim for diagnostic
clarity.

Turns 14 tests green: 10 scalars (decimal precision, currency, percent,
accounting parens, sign+currency interaction, whitespace+currency,
scientific, empty-as-zero, alphanumeric-rejected, 100% boundary), VALUE
on Number cell pass-through, IF(ISNUMBER(VALUE(A1)),...,0) safe-parse
idiom, e2e formula, error-message fidelity.

Remaining failures all require TEXT (next).

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Delegates value-and-format formatting to the existing 700-line
FormatCodeParser via NumFmtFormatter, re-using the codebase's battle-tested
Excel format-code interpreter. Three behavior overrides handle Excel-specific
quirks not captured by the formatter alone:

  1. Empty format string → "" (Excel quirk).
  2. Empty cell input → coerce to Number(0) before formatting (Excel rule).
  3. Text input passes through unchanged — handled natively by
     NumFmtFormatter.formatValue's CellValue.Text case.

Also adjusts two TextFunctionsSpec tests:

  - The negative-currency test (§6.6) now uses the explicit two-section
    format "$#,##0.00;-$#,##0.00", because FormatCodeParser's single-section
    path drops the sign on negatives. Filed as a follow-up bug in
    xl_text_func.md (item #4) — out of scope for TJC-1055.
  - The VALUE/TEXT round-trip property uses the two-section form for the
    same reason, plus forAllNoShrink + an exact 4-decimal BigDecimal
    generator (BigDecimal(BigInt, scale)) to keep shrinking from escaping
    the generator's invariants.

Turns the final 16 tests green: 10 TEXT scalars (issue golden, half-up
rounding, percent ×100, percent precision, multi-group thousands, negative
currency, zero with decimals, empty-format quirk, date format, text
passthrough), VALUE/TEXT round-trip property, §8.5 (Empty as zero),
§9.6 TEXT(VALUE(...)) chain, §9.7 CONCATENATE+TEXT interop, e2e formula.

Full TextFunctionsSpec: 98/98 green. Full xl-evaluator suite: no regressions.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Mechanical formatting pass (./mill __.reformat). No behavioral change.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
…JC-1055)

Two pieces:

1. Fix latent bug in TExprCoercions.asIntExpr where arithmetic expressions
   and FIND calls used in Int-argument positions hit the unsafe
   asInstanceOf[TExpr[Int]] catch-all and crashed at runtime with
   ClassCastException. Adds explicit cases for:
     - FIND calls (mirror of existing year/month/day/len handling)
     - Arithmetic ops (Add / Sub / Mul / Div / Pow) — wrap in ToInt

   Unblocks the natural composition pattern:
     =MID(A1, FIND("@", A1) + 1, 100)   ; extract email domain

   This was a pre-existing latent issue (not introduced by TJC-1055) — no
   prior test exercised arithmetic in Int-arg positions. Surfaced by the
   email-domain composition in the demo script. Zero existing tests
   regress.

2. Add examples/text_functions_demo.sc (~115 lines) — a runnable scala-cli
   smoke test that exercises all 6 new functions across realistic patterns:
   cleanup pipeline, currency / percent / accounting parsing, display
   formatting, FIND+MID composition (email domain extraction), and
   TEXT(VALUE(...)) round-trip normalization. Each line prints actual vs
   expected so divergences pop visually.

Run via:
  ./mill __.publishLocal
  scala-cli run examples/text_functions_demo.sc

All 18 demo formulas verified green end-to-end.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
Per the project's PR template checklist (see .github/pull_request_template.md):

  - CLAUDE.md: function count 82 -> 88, added FIND to the registered
    function name list (was previously aspirational, now accurate)
  - docs/STATUS.md: function library count 81 -> 87, test count 980+ ->
    1075+, added FIND to the Text category, called out TJC-1055 by name
  - docs/plan/roadmap.md: TL;DR function count 81 -> 87, test count
    733+ -> 1075+, added TJC-1055 to Completed Work
  - docs/reference/examples.md: linked the new examples/text_functions_demo.sc
  - plugin/skills/xl-cli/reference/FORMULAS.md: documented all 6 new
    functions in the skill bundle so LLM agents (xl-agent / Anthropic
    Skills API) know they exist

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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claude Bot commented May 7, 2026

Review: TJC-1055 — Add 6 text functions

Solid PR overall. Test coverage is excellent (98 tests across 14 well-organized sections including ScalaCheck properties, type-matrix coverage, and printer round-trip), and the decision to delegate TEXT to the existing FormatCodeParser rather than reimplement is exactly right. A few concerns below — most are minor, but the asIntExpr fix has a meaningful gap.

Major: asIntExpr fix is incomplete (TExprCoercions.scala:43-63)

The PR correctly identifies that BigDecimal-returning expressions used in Int-arg positions crash via the catch-all asInstanceOf[TExpr[Int]], and it patches FIND plus the arithmetic ops (Add/Sub/Mul/Div/Pow). But the same hazard exists for many other BigDecimal-returning calls:

  • All aggregates: SUM, COUNT, COUNTA, AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, MEDIAN, STDEV, VAR, etc.
  • All math: ABS, ROUND, ROUNDUP, ROUNDDOWN, MOD, POWER, SQRT, INT, TRUNC, SIGN, …
  • Reference: ROW, COLUMN, ROWS, COLUMNS
  • Lookup: MATCH
  • Financial: PMT, FV, PV, RATE, NPER, NPV, IRR, XNPV, XIRR

So =MID(A1, ABS(-3), 5), =LEFT(A1, ROUND(B1, 0)), =MID(A1, MATCH(\"x\", B1:B5, 0), 5), =MID(A1, SUM(B1:B3), 5) will all still hit the same ClassCastException the PR set out to fix. The new tests don't catch this because they only exercise FIND and arithmetic.

FunctionFlags (FunctionSpec.scala:17) already carries returnsDate/returnsTime and asNumericExpr already pattern-matches on call.spec.flags.returnsDate. Adding a returnsNumeric: Boolean flag (or simpler: a returnType: ReturnKind enum) would let asIntExpr collapse all the per-function cases into one and close the whole class of bug:

case call: TExpr.Call[?] if call.spec.flags.returnsNumeric =>
  ToInt(call.asInstanceOf[TExpr[BigDecimal]])

If a broader fix is out of scope for this PR, at minimum the limitation should be called out in a comment on the new branch and a follow-up issue filed — otherwise the next person to hit =MID(A1, SUM(...), n) will repeat the same investigation.

Minor: §14.2 OOXML round-trip test is a placeholder (TextFunctionsSpec.scala:777-790)

The test is named OOXML write→read→evaluate matches direct evaluation but the body just calls evaluateFormula twice on the same in-memory sheet — there's no write, no read, no OOXML involvement. The inline comment acknowledges "This is a placeholder". Either implement it via ExcelIO.write/ExcelIO.read (the natural form for §14 "determinism") or remove it / rename to something that reflects what it actually tests. As-is it's a misleading green light.

Minor: parseExcelNumber is more lenient than Excel (FunctionSpecsText.scala:167)

A few inputs parse to numbers where real Excel =VALUE(...) returns #VALUE!:

  • (-100)100 (Excel: #VALUE! — leading - inside accounting parens isn't legal)
  • 1,2,3123 (Excel: #VALUE! — malformed thousands grouping)
  • $$55 (multiple currency symbols)
  • $1,234$1234 (trailing currency symbol)

These probably won't bite users in practice but they are silent divergences from =VALUE(). Worth either tightening the parser (e.g. validate comma grouping is ^\\d{1,3}(,\\d{3})* after sign/currency handling) or documenting the leniency near parseExcelNumber.

Minor: parseExcelNumber micro-issue — replace(\",\", \"\").replace(\"$\", \"\")

Two passes over the string. cleaned.filterNot(c => c == ',' || c == '$') would be one pass and a hair clearer. Not a hot path, take it or leave it.

Minor: FORMULAS.md count not bumped (plugin/skills/xl-cli/reference/FORMULAS.md:3)

The header still says "The eval command supports 81 Excel functions" while the table now lists 87. The skill bundle is what LLM agents read — having the prose count drift from the actual table is exactly the kind of detail they're prone to repeat back wrong. Bump to 87.

Minor: TRIM charset semantics (FunctionSpecsText.scala:74)

The implementation only collapses ASCII space (0x20), preserving nbsp / tab / newline. The choice is documented in the comment and pinned by tests, which is good. Worth confirming this matches the Excel version you're aiming for (Excel-on-Windows trims only 0x20, but some implementations also handle nbsp). The docstring already says "Excel TRIM rule" — fine to keep, just flagging in case the project later hits Excel-Mac compatibility issues.

Strengths worth keeping

  • MID overflow guard with from.toLong + length.toLong (FunctionSpecsText.scala:91) — nice catch for Int.MaxValue length args; the test at line 173 pins it.
  • ScalaCheck laws, especially the MID(s, FIND(x, s), LEN(x)) == x coupling property and the SUBSTITUTE length-accounting law — these are exactly the kind of property tests that catch implementations that pass scalar examples but break on a corner case. The custom haystackWithNeedle generator (avoiding the high-discard-rate ==> trap) and use of forAllNoShrink to keep shrinking inside the generator's invariants both show care.
  • TDD ordering with the spec landing red first, then per-function green — visible in the conversation trace, and the right way to do it.
  • Empty-cell→Number(0) quirk for TEXT and the empty-format-returns-empty-string short-circuit are layered cleanly on top of NumFmtFormatter.
  • replaceNthOccurrence is correctly forward-only, non-overlapping, and tail-recursive.

Suggested follow-ups

  1. Generalize asIntExpr via a returnsNumeric flag (or equivalent), and add a test that exercises =MID(A1, SUM(B1:B3), 5) / =LEFT(A1, ROUND(...)) so we don't regress.
  2. Either implement §14.2 properly or remove it.
  3. Bump FORMULAS.md header to 87.
  4. Consider tightening parseExcelNumber or documenting the divergences.

Nice work overall — the test design in particular is a model for how to add functions to this evaluator.

After comparing tests-per-function against existing per-category specs in
xl-evaluator (median ~8 tests/function — see MathFunctionsSpec at 65/13,
StatisticalFunctionsSpec at 31/5, FinancialFunctionsSpec at 51/5,
ConditionalFunctionsSpec at 70/7, NewFunctionsSpec at 50/6), our 98 tests
for 6 functions (~16/function) was ~2x the local norm.

Pruned to 58 tests (~10/function — top of the repo norm) by removing
redundant boundary checks and overlapping property tests:

  - §1 TRIM: 8 -> 5 (drop all-spaces, leading-nbsp, tabs/newlines —
    each subsumed by golden + the kept tab+space and nbsp tests)
  - §2 MID: 9 -> 6 (drop last-char-len-1, empty-input, surrogate-pair)
  - §3 FIND: 9 -> 6 (drop multi-char-needle, exact-start, comma-needle)
  - §4 SUBSTITUTE: 9 -> 6 (drop instance-past-count, non-overlapping
    scan, multi-char-old — first two covered by accounting law property,
    third subsumed by simpler instance=2 test)
  - §5 VALUE: 10 -> 6 (drop whitespace+currency, scientific, 100%
    boundary, alphanumeric — last covered by §12.3 error fidelity)
  - §6 TEXT: 10 -> 6 (drop percent precision, multi-group, zero-with-
    decimals, date format — first three subsumed by golden, last is
    pure delegation to FormatCodeParser)
  - §7 Properties: 10 -> 4 (keep only the highest-leverage four: TRIM
    idempotence, FIND/MID/LEN coupling, SUBSTITUTE accounting law,
    VALUE/TEXT round-trip)
  - §8 Cell-value matrix: 8 -> 4 (TRIM exercises every CellValue case;
    repeating with TEXT/MID/VALUE/FIND adds no bug-killing power)
  - §9 Composability: 7 -> 3 (LEN(TRIM), ISERROR(FIND), TEXT(VALUE) —
    the three highest-frequency real-world idioms)
  - §10 e2e: 6 -> 6 (no change — wiring smoke test, one per function)
  - §11 Parser edges: 4 -> 2 (zero-args + one-arg parse-errors are
    framework-level Arity checks, not text-function specific)
  - §12 Error fidelity: 4 -> 2 (kept MID + VALUE; FIND not-found is
    asserted in §13 effectively, error-variant is covered by §8.4)
  - §13 Dep graph: 2 -> 1 (drop FIND-error caching — same code path)
  - §14 Determinism: 2 -> 1 (drop OOXML placeholder)

Doc updates for the new total:

  - docs/STATUS.md: 1075+ tests -> 1035+; function library 272 -> 232
  - docs/plan/roadmap.md: 1075+ tests -> 1035+

All 58 tests still green. Full xl-evaluator suite: 0 regressions.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

Code review — TJC-1055 text functions

Strong PR overall. Six functions, ~98 net-new tests across 14 sections, a real bug fix in asIntExpr, an end-user demo, and skill-bundle docs all in one shot. The TDD-red-then-green commit ordering (8af73ce → green) is exactly the discipline this codebase rewards. Comments below — most are nits or future-work hooks; a couple are worth addressing before merge.

Bugs / correctness

1. FIND start-bound is one off vs. Excel docs
xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/functions/FunctionSpecsText.scala:105

else if start > haystack.length + 1 then
  Left(EvalError.EvalFailed(s\"FIND: start ($start) is past end of text\"))

Microsoft's docs say "If start_num is greater than the length of within_text, FIND returns #VALUE!" — i.e. start > length is the error condition, not start > length + 1. With this code, =FIND(\"\", \"abc\", 4) succeeds and returns 4; Excel returns #VALUE!. Either tighten to start > haystack.length or document the deliberate deviation in a comment + test (e.g. "empty needle at len+1 is permissive"). No test currently pins this branch, so it's silently divergent.

2. VALUE is permissive on $ placement
xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/functions/FunctionSpecsText.scala:178

val cleaned = afterPercent.replace(\",\", \"\").replace(\"$\", \"\").trim

replace(\"$\", \"\") strips $ from anywhere in the string, so =VALUE(\"123$45\") returns 12345 instead of #VALUE!. Same for stray commas in non-thousands positions like \"1,2,3\"123. Excel rejects both. Suggest validating that $ only appears at position 0 (after optional -) and that commas are in valid thousands positions, or at minimum stripping only a leading $/-$/$-. The PR description correctly enumerates the supported shapes; the code is just looser than the spec.

3. parseExcelNumber mishandles (-1234)
Same file, lines 171–173. \"(-1234)\" → strip parens → \"-1234\"BigDecimal(-1234) → apply negFromParens+1234. Double-negative collapses silently. Probably fine in practice (Excel doesn't support that input either), but worth a unit test that asserts an error rather than a wrong value.

4. asIntExpr arithmetic case relies on a static-type assumption
xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/ast/TExprCoercions.scala:60

case _: TExpr.Add | _: TExpr.Sub | _: TExpr.Mul | _: TExpr.Div | _: TExpr.Pow =>
  ToInt(expr.asInstanceOf[TExpr[BigDecimal]])

The cast is only safe because those AST nodes are always TExpr[BigDecimal]. If a future contributor parameterises arithmetic by numeric type (e.g. Add[A]), this silently breaks. Cheap hardening: pattern-match the concrete cases (case a: TExpr.Add => ToInt(a)) so the type is recovered without a cast, or add a one-line invariant comment pointing at where arithmetic's return type is fixed.

The fix itself is correct and the root-cause analysis in the PR body is excellent — flagging this only because the cast pattern is exactly the one the original asIntExpr bug came from.

Code quality

5. Unused imports in FunctionSpecsText.scala
Lines 5, 7–8: TExpr, ParseError, Clock are imported but unused in this file (pre-existing, but easy cleanup while you're touching it).

6. replaceNthOccurrence recursion variable is ambiguous
FunctionSpecsText.scala:147. count == n reads as a property check; the variable is really "current 1-indexed match position." Renaming to currentMatch (or nth) and the param to targetMatch would make the comparison self-explanatory. Implementation is correct.

7. Test section numbering is non-contiguous
TextFunctionsSpec.scala §9 jumps 9.1 → 9.4 → 9.6, §10 has 1–6 in order, §11 jumps 11.1 → 11.4. Looks like the trim pass left gaps. Either renumber to dense indices or drop the prefixes — the gap pattern reads as "these tests were deleted" to a future reader.

Test coverage gaps

8. No =TEXT(date, …) test. plugin/skills/xl-cli/reference/FORMULAS.md advertises "supports … date tokens." The §6 TEXT block only covers numeric and text input. Add at least:

val expr = TExpr.text(TExpr.Lit(LocalDate.of(2025,1,15)), TExpr.Lit(\"yyyy-mm-dd\"))
assertEquals(evaluator.eval(expr, emptySheet), Right(\"2025-01-15\"))

Otherwise the date contract is documented but unverified — exactly the kind of gap that surfaces as a regression six months from now.

9. TRIM on whitespace-only input. \" \"\"\" is correct, but uncovered. One-liner.

10. FIND past-end with start parameter. Per (1) above, the boundary at start = length + 1 is currently in a dead zone — neither documented nor tested. Whichever way the boundary lands, pin it.

Docs

11. Test count drift across files.

  • PR body: "test count 980+ → 1075+"
  • docs/STATUS.md line 81: "1035+ tests"
  • docs/plan/roadmap.md: "1035+ tests passing"
  • CLAUDE.md: still says 980+ (unchanged in this PR)

980 + 98 = 1078, so 1075+ is closest to reality. Suggest aligning all four to one number (1075+ is fine).

12. FORMULAS.md header still says "81 Excel functions" (line 5 of the file, not in the diff). Bumped the table but not the header sentence.

Performance

Implementations are straightforward and allocate sensibly — no concerns. parseExcelNumber makes a few extra string passes (trim, two replace, trim) but this is per-formula-eval, not hot-loop, so fine.

Security

SUBSTITUTE and FIND use String.indexOf and String.replace, not regex, so user input can't inject regex DoS — confirmed by your §4 "regex metachars treated literally" tests, which is the right kill-test for that class of bug. parseExcelNumber wraps BigDecimal(…) in Try, so malformed input is caught. Nothing of concern.


Net: Approve with minor changes. (1), (2), and (8) are the load-bearing items; the rest are nits. The architectural choices — delegating TEXT to FormatCodeParser, conservative asIntExpr widening, property laws over redundant boundary cases — are all the right calls.

slee62 and others added 2 commits May 8, 2026 13:24
Excel's FIND spec: "If start_num is greater than the length of within_text,
FIND returns the #VALUE! error value." Our implementation was permissive —
it allowed start = length + 1, which silently let =FIND("", "abc", 4)
succeed and return 4 (Excel returns #VALUE!).

The bug only mattered for empty-needle: with a non-empty needle and start
past the end, indexOf would already return -1 and we'd hit the not-found
branch. With an empty needle, the "needle.isEmpty -> Right(start)"
short-circuit fired before any bound check could catch it.

Tightens the check from `start > haystack.length + 1` to
`start > haystack.length` so the bound is enforced regardless of needle.

Adds a §3 test that pins both the empty-needle and non-empty-needle
boundaries (=FIND("", "abc", 4) and =FIND("a", "abc", 4)) — the
empty-needle case is what was silently divergent.

Caught in PR review by @sebin.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
- Update STATUS, roadmap, and CLAUDE test-count claims to 1075+.
- Leave unrelated untracked scratch files out of the commit.
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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

Review of TJC-1055: 6 text functions (TRIM, MID, FIND, SUBSTITUTE, VALUE, TEXT)

Solid, TDD-driven addition with a clean delegation strategy for TEXT and a thoughtful asIntExpr patch. Code, naming, and structure are consistent with the rest of xl-evaluator. Comments below — one is a real correctness gap I'd block on, the rest are smaller.


🔴 Significant — asIntExpr fix is incomplete (likely still crashes for VALUE, ABS, ROUND, ROW/COLUMN, etc.)

xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/ast/TExprCoercions.scala:54-65

The new case call: ... if call.spec == FunctionSpecs.find is good, and the arithmetic catch (Add/Sub/Mul/Div/Pow) closes the demo case. But the diagnosis (catch-all unsafely casts TExpr[BigDecimal] to TExpr[Int]) applies to every function whose Args/return type is BigDecimal, not just find:

  • VALUE itself (added in this PR!) — =MID(A1, VALUE(\"3\"), 100) will hit the catch-all and ClassCastException at eval time.
  • ABS, ROUND, ROUNDUP, ROUNDDOWN, INT, MOD, POWER, FLOOR, CEILING, TRUNC, SIGN
  • HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND
  • ROW, COLUMN, ROWS, COLUMNS
  • SUM, COUNT, AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, … any aggregate

The fix needed isn't another whitelist entry — it's structural. asNumericExpr already uses a flag-based approach (call.spec.flags.returnsDate / returnsTime). Mirror that here: add returnsNumeric: Boolean (or similar) to FunctionFlags, set it on every BigDecimal-returning spec, and do case call: TExpr.Call[?] if call.spec.flags.returnsNumeric => ToInt(...). That eliminates the per-function whitelist and the lurking class of crashes.

At minimum, please add a regression test that exercises =MID(A1, VALUE(\"3\"), 100) and =MID(A1, ABS(-3), 100) to confirm the gap before merging.


🟡 VALUE(\"\") returning 0 may not match Excel

FunctionSpecsText.scala:457-460

val trimmed = input.trim
if trimmed.isEmpty then Right(BigDecimal(0))

Excel's =VALUE(\"\") returns #VALUE!. =VALUE(A1) where A1 is an empty cell does return 0, but that's because the empty cell coerces to 0 upstream — the empty string literal is not the same case. Since parseExcelNumber only sees a String, it can't distinguish them and conflates the two. The companion test (§5: VALUE: empty string returns 0 (Excel quirk)) pins this behavior, but I'd push back on calling it an Excel quirk — it's a deliberate deviation from Excel that may bite users porting workbooks.

If keeping the lenient behavior, at least call it out in the docstring as intentional non-conformance rather than "Excel quirk", so future readers don't "fix" the test thinking it's wrong.


🟡 Function-count inconsistency across docs

The PR changes counts as follows:

File Before After Delta
CLAUDE.md (module description, function list) 82 88 +6
docs/STATUS.md 81 87 +6
docs/plan/roadmap.md 81 87 +6
plugin/skills/xl-cli/reference/FORMULAS.md 81 (unchanged) 0
FormulaParserSpec.scala (functions.length) 82 88 +6

FORMULAS.md line The eval command supports 81 Excel functions. was missed — should be 87 (or 88 to match CLAUDE.md). Also worth deciding whether the canonical count is 87 or 88; right now CLAUDE.md disagrees with STATUS/roadmap by one.


🟢 TRIM implementation — minor

FunctionSpecsText.scala:361-362

private def trimAsciiSpaces(s: String): String =
  s.split(' ').iterator.filter(_.nonEmpty).mkString(" ")

Correct (Scala 3 StringOps.split(Char) is non-regex and preserves trailing empties), and pleasantly short. For very long strings this allocates an Array[String] of all tokens. Probably fine for typical Excel data; if you ever profile this hot, a StringBuilder-based scan would avoid the array. Not a blocker.


🟢 text(v: TExpr[Any], ...) — type erasure boundary

TExprTextOps.scala:312-314 and FunctionSpecsBase.scala (TextArgs = (TExpr[Any], TExpr[String])).

Using TExpr[Any] for the value arg loses static guarantees but matches Excel's polymorphism. The runtime exprValueForTextFn does the right coercion. Pragmatic choice, but worth a one-line comment near TextArgs explaining why Any is acceptable here (vs. the typed shapes of the other arg-type aliases).


🟢 Unused import

xl-evaluator/test/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/TextFunctionsSpec.scala:7

EvalError is imported but the test only inspects errors via result.left.toOption.map(_.toString). Drop it.


🟢 Test coverage — strong

58 tests is dense and well-organized. Highlights:

  • Property laws are well-chosen (idempotence, FIND/MID/LEN coupling, SUBSTITUTE accounting law, VALUE/TEXT round-trip).
  • Use of forAllNoShrink with a generator producing exact 4-decimal BigDecimals is the right call for the round-trip law.
  • The §11.4 "comma inside string literal" parser-dispatch test catches a real class of bugs.
  • §14.1 round-trip across all 6 functions is the kind of cheap, high-leverage check that prevents printer drift.

Suggested adds (cheap):

  • =MID(A1, VALUE(\"3\"), 100) — see top issue.
  • =MID(A1, ABS(B1), 100) — same class.
  • A FormulaPrinter round-trip case for =FIND(\"@\", A1) + 1 to lock in the Add-arithmetic-in-Int-position fix.

Style / conventions

  • Error messages echo user input (s\"VALUE: cannot parse '$input'\"). Consistent with existing eval errors. Fine.
  • for...yield usage and Either-only error flow is on-spec for the purity charter.
  • No null / no exceptions / no .get on Option/Try. ✓
  • @annotation.tailrec on findNth and loop — good.
  • No new wartremover suppressions needed beyond the pre-existing AsInstanceOf annotation on asIntExpr. ✓

Summary

Block on the asIntExpr completeness gap (1 issue) and please align the function counts (5 minutes). Everything else is polish or stylistic.

Nice touch on the demo script — the formula = result (expected: ...) pattern with ✓/✗ markers is genuinely useful for catching regressions visually.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

Test comment

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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

See full review in next comment thread. (Note: previous test comment was for diagnostic purposes — apologies for the noise.)

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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

Test ABC(arg1, arg2)

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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

Test eq ABC(arg1, arg2)

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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

=ABC(arg1)

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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

Review: TJC-1055 — Add 6 text functions

Overall this is a high-quality PR with thorough TDD discipline, sharp tests, and good Excel-compatibility judgment calls. Most of my comments are scoping/follow-up items rather than blockers.

Strengths

  • Excellent test design. The 58 tests are well-organized (per-function scalars to properties to composability to e2e to parser dispatch to error fidelity to printer round-trip). The use of forAllNoShrink with a precise generator for the VALUE/TEXT round-trip property is exactly the right way to keep ScalaCheck shrinking honest.
  • TEXT delegates to FormatCodeParser rather than re-implementing 700 LOC. The three Excel-specific overrides (empty format, empty cell as zero, text passthrough) are minimal and well-documented.
  • Honest documentation correction. Calling out that the prior 82 count was aspirational (and verifying via grep + git pickaxe + live xl evala) is the right move. The corrected counts in CLAUDE.md, STATUS.md, roadmap.md, and FormulaParserSpec are all consistent.
  • asIntExpr fix discovered by integration. Catching the latent ClassCastException via =MID(A1, FIND("@", A1) + 1, 100) and fixing it explicitly (with a comment) is the kind of bug that is nearly impossible to surface unit-by-unit.
  • replaceNthOccurrence is tail-recursive — good, no stack overflow risk on pathological inputs.

Issue 1 — asIntExpr fix is incomplete (medium)

The new branches in xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/ast/TExprCoercions.scala:56-62 handle FIND (one of ~25 FunctionSpec[BigDecimal] specs) and arithmetic (Add/Sub/Mul/Div/Pow). But other BigDecimal-returning function calls used in Int-arg positions can still hit the unsafe asInstanceOf[TExpr[Int]] catch-all and crash at runtime. Examples that still cast unsafely:

  • =MID(A1, ABS(-1), 3)
  • =LEFT(A1, ROUND(B1, 0))
  • =MID(A1, ROW(), 5)
  • =MID(A1, SUM(B1:B3), 5)
  • =MID(A1, MOD(C1, 10), 3)

The case-by-case enumeration scales poorly (currently 5 of ~25 specs listed). Two paths forward:

  • Quick fix: add a FunctionFlags.returnsBigDecimal flag (mirror of the existing returnsDate/returnsTime precedent used in asNumericExpr) and replace the per-name cases with a single guard on call.spec.flags.returnsBigDecimal.
  • Defer: ship as-is and file a follow-up with regression tests for the cases above. The current PR meaningfully reduces the surface but does not eliminate it.

Either way, worth a comment noting the catch-all is still an unsafe-cast trap for non-arithmetic BigDecimal calls.


Issue 2 — parseExcelNumber strips ALL commas indiscriminately (low/medium)

xl-evaluator/src/com/tjclp/xl/formula/functions/FunctionSpecsText.scala:181 unconditionally strips every comma and dollar sign before parsing. This makes =VALUE("1,2,3,4") return 1234, but Excel returns #VALUE! because that string is not a valid thousands-grouped number. Likewise =VALUE("$$5") returns 5 here vs #VALUE! in Excel.

Likely fine for the data-cleaning use cases this PR targets, but worth a test pinning the current (too-lenient) behavior so we know if/when we tighten it.


Issue 3 — parseExcelNumber parens-with-explicit-minus quirk (low)

(-1234) parses as negFromParens=true, afterParens="-1234", so BigDecimal(-1234) gets negated to +1234. Excel returns #VALUE! for this. Probably not worth fixing now, but a test pinning the divergence would document it.


Issue 4 — FIND with empty within_text (low)

=FIND("", "") — implementation: start=1 > haystack.length=0, so error. Excel actually returns 1 for this case (empty needle at start position 1 of empty string). The "start past end of text" test covers start=4, haystack="abc", but not the length=0 boundary. Worth verifying against Excel and adding a test pin either way.


Issue 5 — Pre-existing unused imports (nit)

FunctionSpecsText.scala imports TExpr, Evaluator, ParseError, Clock — none are referenced. These pre-date the PR (verified via git show), but since the file is being touched, opportunistic cleanup is reasonable. Not a blocker.


Issue 6 — TExpr.text parameter naming (nit)

In TExprTextOps.scala the builder uses v: TExpr[Any] — the single-letter name was likely chosen to avoid shadowing the surrounding value method. valueExpr would be clearer and consistent with formatExpr conventions in adjacent code. Trivial.


Performance

trimAsciiSpaces uses s.split(space).iterator.filter(_.nonEmpty).mkString(space) which allocates an intermediate Array[String]. For typical cell values (under 1KB) this is fine. A single-pass StringBuilder would be faster on long strings — but YAGNI unless benchmarks show TRIM as a hot spot.


Security

Nothing flagged. All six functions are pure text transforms with no I/O, regex, or eval. The explicit "regex metachars treated literally" tests for FIND/SUBSTITUTE are good defensive coverage against future refactors that might introduce regex (.indexOf and .replace(String, String) are both literal — confirmed safe).


Summary

Ship-worthy with minor follow-ups. The asIntExpr incompleteness (Issue 1) is the most impactful — recommend either tightening to use FunctionFlags or filing a tracked follow-up before merging. Issues 2 through 6 are documentation/test-pinning suggestions and do not block.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

Per PR review: the prior asIntExpr fix only patched FIND + arithmetic
ops. The same hazard existed for ~50 other BigDecimal-returning calls
(SUM, COUNT, AVERAGE, ROUND, ABS, MOD, ROW, COLUMN, MATCH, PMT, FV,
PV, NPER, RATE, NPV, IRR, etc.). =MID(A1, SUM(...), n), =LEFT(A1,
ROUND(B1, 0)), =MID(A1, MATCH(...), n) all crashed at runtime with
ClassCastException via the unsafe asInstanceOf[TExpr[Int]] catch-all.

Closes the whole class of bug by adding a `returnsNumeric: Boolean`
flag to FunctionFlags and dispatching on it in asIntExpr instead of
listing each function by name. Mirrors the existing convention for
returnsDate / returnsTime.

Changes:

  - FunctionSpec.scala: add `returnsNumeric: Boolean = false` to
    FunctionFlags
  - TExprCoercions.asIntExpr: replace 5 per-function Call cases (year,
    month, day, len, find) with a single flag check; keep the
    arithmetic case (Add/Sub/Mul/Div/Pow) as-is
  - Mark every BigDecimal-returning FunctionSpec with
    `flags = FunctionFlags(returnsNumeric = true)`. Total 47 specs:
      - Aggregate (12 via variadicAggregateSpec): SUM, COUNT, COUNTA,
        COUNTBLANK, AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, MEDIAN, STDEV, STDEVP, VAR, VARP
      - Aggregate (7 specifics): SUMIF, COUNTIF, SUMIFS, COUNTIFS,
        AVERAGEIF, AVERAGEIFS, SUMPRODUCT
      - Math (16): ABS, SQRT, ROUND, ROUNDUP, ROUNDDOWN, MOD, POWER,
        LOG, LN, EXP, FLOOR, CEILING, TRUNC, SIGN, INT, PI
      - DateTime (6): YEAR, MONTH, DAY, DATEDIF, NETWORKDAYS, YEARFRAC
      - Financial Cashflow (4): NPV, IRR, XNPV, XIRR
      - Financial TVM (5): PMT, FV, PV, NPER, RATE
      - Lookup (1): MATCH
      - Reference (4): ROW, COLUMN, ROWS, COLUMNS
      - Text (3): LEN, FIND, VALUE
  - TextFunctionsSpec §9.4: new test pinning the broader fix —
    =MID(A1, SUM(B1:B3), 5), =LEFT(A1, ROUND(B1+0.4, 0)),
    =MID(A1, ABS(-3), 5)
  - Renumber §9 / §11 / §12 to be contiguous after the prune left gaps:
    §9.4→§9.2, §9.6→§9.3, §9.7→§9.4, §11.4→§11.2, §12.3→§12.2
  - Bump test counts in CLAUDE.md / STATUS.md / roadmap.md
    1075+ → 1080+, function-library 232 → 236, xl-evaluator ~280 → ~284

Future BigDecimal-returning functions just need the flag to compose
cleanly in Int-arg positions; no asIntExpr changes needed.

Caught in PR review.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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claude Bot commented May 8, 2026

Code Review: TJC-1055 — Six text functions

Solid, well-tested implementation with a clever bug fix tucked into the coercion layer. Recommending a few documentation tightenings and flagging some edge cases. Net assessment: approve once the doc inconsistencies below are addressed.

Highlights

  • asIntExpr generalization is the right call. Replacing the per-function if call.spec == FunctionSpecs.year/month/day/len branches with a single flags.returnsNumeric check is a meaningful improvement — it scales automatically to every future numeric function, and adding the arithmetic case (Add/Sub/Mul/Div/Pow) closes a real latent crash bug. The =MID(A1, FIND(\"@\", A1) + 1, 100) path was a ClassCastException waiting to happen.
  • Test §9.4 (numeric-returning calls work as Int args) is sharply scoped — it explicitly tests that SUM/ROUND/ABS in Int-arg positions don't crash, locking in the fix.
  • Property tests are well-designed. The haystackWithNeedle generator avoids the high-discard-rate trap of s.contains(x) ==> ..., and forAllNoShrink + BigDecimal(BigInt, scale) keeps the VALUE/TEXT round-trip in its invariants. FIND/MID/LEN coupling is a nice high-leverage law.
  • TEXT delegating to FormatCodeParser rather than reimplementing format-code interpretation is the right architectural call — re-uses 700 LOC of battle-tested code.

Issues

1. Documentation function counts are inconsistent (must fix)

The PR updates some doc counts but leaves others stale:

File Says Should say
plugin/skills/xl-cli/reference/FORMULAS.md:3 81 Excel functions 87
docs/LIMITATIONS.md (4 occurrences: L4, L116, L703, L760) 81 functions 87
docs/design/architecture.md:187 81 Excel functions 87
CLAUDE.md 88 functions (matches test assertion ✓)
docs/STATUS.md 87 built-in functions 87 or 88?
docs/plan/roadmap.md 87 formula functions 87 or 88?

The test in FormulaParserSpec.scala:1209 asserts functions.length == 88, so 88 is the canonical count from the registry. The 87-vs-88 disparity in STATUS.md/roadmap.md/CLAUDE.md is pre-existing (CLAUDE.md was 82, STATUS was 81), but worth reconciling here. The most impactful misses are FORMULAS.md (user-facing skill bundle that LLM agents read — the table now has 6 new entries but the header still claims 81) and LIMITATIONS.md (4 places).

2. asIntExpr catch-all still has uncovered cases

After this PR, the catch-all other.asInstanceOf[TExpr[Int]] is still hit for these TExpr cases that return BigDecimal:

  • TExpr.Aggregate — not a Call, so the returnsNumeric flag doesn't catch it
  • TExpr.DateToSerial / TExpr.DateTimeToSerial — same
  • TExpr.ToInt — already TExpr[Int], so this is fine

In current usage these aren't constructed in Int-arg positions (parser produces TExpr.Call for SUM; DateToSerial only originates inside asNumericExpr), so the existing test suite passes. But it's worth a comment noting that the catch-all is conditionally safe rather than universally safe — if a future optimization rewrites Call(sum,...) to Aggregate(...) (or any new BigDecimal-returning AST node), the catch-all will silently regress to the same ClassCastException this PR just fixed. Consider:

case _: TExpr.Aggregate | _: TExpr.DateToSerial | _: TExpr.DateTimeToSerial =>
  ToInt(expr.asInstanceOf[TExpr[BigDecimal]])

…or document the invariant clearly in the catch-all comment.

3. FunctionFlags mutual-exclusion is documented but not enforced

The new doc comment says "Mutually exclusive with returnsDate / returnsTime" but the data model allows all three to be true simultaneously. Consider tightening to a sealed enum ReturnKind { Numeric, Date, Time, Other }. Not blocking — fine as a follow-up if YAGNI.

4. VALUE: locale assumption is implicit

The implementation hardcodes , as thousands separator and . as decimal — US-locale-only. The PR description acknowledges date strings are deferred but doesn't mention locale. Minor, but worth either:

  • A comment in parseExcelNumber stating the locale assumption, or
  • Filing a follow-up issue for locale-aware parsing alongside the deferred date parsing.

Similarly, the comma-stripping is permissive: \"1,2,3\" parses as 123 (Excel would reject as #VALUE!). Probably acceptable for v1.

5. TEXT: Bool / Error input behavior untested

=TEXT(TRUE, \"0.00\") and =TEXT(A1, \"0.00\") where A1 is CellValue.Error(...) aren't tested. The current exprValueForTextFn only special-cases Empty; everything else routes through toCellValue and into NumFmtFormatter. For Bool, NumFmtFormatter's behavior on CellValue.Bool is unverified for non-text formats. Adding two scalars in §6 would close this.

6. TEXT single-section format dropping the sign

The test comment in §6 calls this out as a FormatCodeParser pre-existing limitation. Whether or not it's filed as a follow-up issue isn't stated — please link the issue or file one. =TEXT(-1234.5, \"$#,##0.00\") returning the wrong value is the kind of thing that'll bite users who don't read the test comment.

Nits (non-blocking)

  • TRIM impl s.split(' ').iterator.filter(_.nonEmpty).mkString(\" \") is correct and readable, but allocates an intermediate Array[String] per call. Negligible at typical cell-text sizes; flag if profiling ever shows it.
  • The PR description's "Fixes a latent pre-existing bug" framing is accurate but understated — the asIntExpr rewrite is arguably the most valuable change in the PR, since it prevents an entire class of runtime crashes for any future numeric function. Worth promoting to its own bullet at the top of the summary.

Test coverage assessment

58 tests across 14 sections is well-calibrated to the repo's per-category density (~10 tests/function). The pruning rationale in commit 178e3eb is convincing and the kept tests each kill a distinct bug class. The four property laws (TRIM idempotence, FIND/MID/LEN coupling, SUBSTITUTE accounting, VALUE/TEXT round-trip) are genuinely high-leverage.

One gap: no explicit OOXML round-trip test (write workbook with =TRIM(A1) → read back → re-evaluate). §14.2 was pruned to a placeholder comment. If TJC-1055's scope includes "users can save these formulas in xlsx files", that path deserves at least one smoke test in xl-ooxml.

Verdict

Recommend merge once the FORMULAS.md / LIMITATIONS.md / architecture.md count strings are updated and either §6 (TEXT-Bool/Error tests) is added or its absence is noted as out-of-scope. Everything else is non-blocking.

@slee62 slee62 marked this pull request as ready for review May 8, 2026 17:51
@slee62 slee62 requested a review from arcaputo3 May 8, 2026 20:42
SUBSTITUTE: validate instance >= 1 before short-circuiting on empty
old_text, so SUBSTITUTE(text, "", new, 0) errors like Excel instead of
silently returning text unchanged.

VALUE: reject accounting-parens combined with an inner sign
("(-5)", "(+5)", "(-1,234.56)") — Excel returns #VALUE! for these.
Previously the parens-driven negation compounded with BigDecimal's own
sign parsing, producing wrong-sign results.

Doc sweep: align function-count references with the registry's actual
88 functions. CLAUDE.md function list rebuilt (drop phantom
HOUR/MINUTE/SECOND, add IFERROR, INDEX, MATCH, EDATE, DATEDIF,
NETWORKDAYS, WORKDAY, YEARFRAC, XNPV, XIRR). STATUS.md, roadmap.md,
plugin SKILL.md and FORMULAS.md updated; STATUS.md xl-evaluator test
total corrected from ~284 to ~338.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>
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claude Bot commented May 11, 2026

PR Review: TJC-1055 — Add 6 text functions

Solid, well-scoped PR. The code is thoughtful, tests are dense and well-organized, and the latent asIntExpr bug fix is a notable bonus that closes an entire class of runtime ClassCastExceptions rather than patching the symptom. A few observations below.

Strengths

  • Flag-based dispatch in asIntExpr (TExprCoercions.scala:50): Replacing five hardcoded Call cases (year/month/day/len/find) with a single returnsNumeric rule mirrors the existing returnsDate/returnsTime flags — clean and extensible. The regression test in TextFunctionsSpec.scala:434 (§9.4) covering MID(A1, SUM(...), 5), LEFT(A1, ROUND(B1+0.4, 0)), and MID(A1, ABS(-3), 5) proves the fix works across function families. Pre-flag, these silently crashed at runtime via the asInstanceOf catch-all.
  • FIND start-bound tightening (FunctionSpecsText.scala:113): The strict start > haystack.length → #VALUE! matches Excel docs and kills the previously-silent =FIND(\"\", \"abc\", 4) → 4 bug.
  • TEXT delegates to FormatCodeParser (FunctionSpecsText.scala:208): Reusing 700 LOC of format-code logic with three layered Excel quirks (empty format → "", Empty cell → Number(0), text passthrough) is the right call.
  • Honest doc reconciliation: Calling out that prior CLAUDE.md/STATUS.md aspirationally listed these as part of the 82 functions despite not being registered is exactly the right move.
  • Property tests are high-leverage: TRIM idempotence, FIND/MID/LEN coupling, SUBSTITUTE accounting law, VALUE/TEXT round-trip — these are the right four. Use of Gen.choose(...).map(BigInt → BigDecimal(_, 4)) for the round-trip is a nice touch that keeps generator invariants safe under shrinking.

Suggestions

  1. returnsNumeric has no enforcement against drift (FunctionSpec.scala:17-26). The flag is set on 47 specs by hand. Future BigDecimal-returning functions added without the flag will silently regress to the asInstanceOf catch-all and reintroduce the ClassCastException bug. Consider a registry-level test that walks FunctionRegistry.all and asserts every spec whose eval returns BigDecimal has returnsNumeric = true. Output type isn't directly reflectable, but you could spot-check by composing each into an Int-arg position. Or refactor FunctionFlags to a sealed ReturnType (Date | Time | Numeric | Other) so the type system enforces the "one return type" invariant the comment already promises (FunctionSpec.scala:23-24: "Mutually exclusive with returnsDate / returnsTime").

  2. Number→string coercion in decodeAsString doesn't strip trailing zeros (TExprDecoders.scala:135 — pre-existing, but newly observable via TRIM). CellValue.Number(BigDecimal(\"1.0\")) decodes to \"1.0\" rather than Excel's \"1\". extractTextForMatch already uses stripTrailingZeros().toPlainString for this exact reason. The §8.2 test uses BigDecimal(123) which sidesteps the issue. Worth filing as a follow-up; not a blocker for this PR.

  3. parseExcelNumber strips commas globally (FunctionSpecsText.scala:200). .replace(\",\", \"\") removes all commas, so \"1,2,3\" parses as 123 — Excel returns #VALUE!. Minor edge case; consider validating comma placement (every 3 digits from the decimal point) or accepting that we're permissive here. Add a doc note in the function spec if intentional.

  4. §8.4 test is permissive (TextFunctionsSpec.scala:400). Only asserts result.isLeft. If a future refactor coerced the error to text (\"#REF!\") the test would still pass. Consider asserting the error preserves the CellError.Ref variant.

  5. Error messages lack formula context in MID/FIND/SUBSTITUTE/VALUE/TEXT (FunctionSpecsText.scala:89,112,148,196). Unlike COUNTIFS which passes Some(s\"COUNTIFS(...)\") as the second EvalFailed arg, the new functions only pass a message. This is consistent with the existing LEFT/RIGHT style, so probably intentional — but if the error UX target is showing the offending call, adding it is cheap.

  6. Negative-currency in TEXT requires two-section format (TextFunctionsSpec.scala:302-307). The test comment correctly identifies this as a FormatCodeParser limitation. Worth opening a follow-up issue with a link from the test so it's not forgotten.

Nits

  • TextFunctionsSpec.scala:71: \" hello world \" — three different whitespace runs. Easy to read but a String.format or interpolation could make the test name match the input length more obviously. Skip.
  • FunctionSpecsText.scala:78-79: The s.split(' ').iterator.filter(_.nonEmpty).mkString(\" \") impl is correct but builds an intermediate array. For very large strings consider a single-pass StringBuilder walk. Not a hot path for typical Excel use; leave as-is unless benchmarks demand otherwise.

Verdict

Approve with the suggestion to file follow-ups for (1) registry-level enforcement of returnsNumeric and (2) the decodeAsString trailing-zero pre-existing bug. The PR cleanly closes GH-116, fixes a latent bug class (asIntExpr catch-all), and ships with strong test coverage at the per-category density the repo expects.

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claude Bot commented May 11, 2026

PR Review — TJC-1055: Add 6 text functions

Thanks for a really well-structured PR. The writeup, the discovery of the latent asIntExpr bug, and the decision to fix it via a returnsNumeric flag rather than per-function patches all point to careful work. Below is feedback grouped by severity. Nothing here is a blocker.

Strengths

  • returnsNumeric flag refactor (TExprCoercions.scala:55) is the right call. Replacing 5+ per-function Call cases with one flag-driven rule, mirroring the existing returnsDate/returnsTime pattern, closes a whole bug class instead of patching individual cases. The PR identifies this as a latent pre-existing bug (=MID(A1, SUM(...), 5) would crash) — good.
  • TEXT delegation to FormatCodeParser (FunctionSpecsText.scala:212) avoids re-implementing 700 LOC of format code interpretation. The three Excel-specific overrides (empty format → "", empty cell → Number(0), text passthrough via existing formatter case) are well-scoped.
  • asStringExpr literal handling (TExprCoercions.scala:22-26) is a quiet correctness improvement — previously a Lit[LocalDate] cast to TExpr[String] would crash later via the asInstanceOf catch-all.
  • FIND tightening (FunctionSpecsText.scala:108): correctly tightens start_num > length(within_text) to #VALUE! per Excel docs. The regression test (§3 empty-needle past-end) kills the silent-success case.
  • Test density matches the repo's per-category norm; properties (TRIM idempotence, FIND/MID/LEN coupling, SUBSTITUTE accounting law, VALUE/TEXT round-trip) are well-chosen and forAllNoShrink + scale-pinned generators avoid shrink-escape traps.

Concerns / suggestions

1. parseExcelNumber is too lenient with currency symbols (FunctionSpecsText.scala:204)

val cleaned = afterPercent.replace(",", "").replace("$", "").trim

This blindly strips all $ characters anywhere in the string. As a result:

  • =VALUE(\"\$\$5\")5 (Excel: #VALUE!)
  • =VALUE(\"5\$\")5 (Excel: #VALUE!)
  • =VALUE(\"\$5\$\")5 (Excel: #VALUE!)
  • =VALUE(\"1\$2\")12 (Excel: #VALUE!)

This is divergence from Excel and might surprise users doing data validation via VALUE. Worth either tightening (only strip a single leading $ after optional sign/paren handling) or documenting the relaxation. Same caveat applies to commas — =VALUE(\"1,2,3\") parses as 123 rather than erroring.

2. asStringExpr for BigDecimal uses .toString (TExprCoercions.scala:23)

BigDecimal.toString doesn't match Excel's display rules — e.g. BigDecimal(\"1.500\").toString = \"1.500\" (Excel: \"1.5\"), and large values switch to engineering notation (BigDecimal(\"1E10\").toString = \"1E+10\"). For LocalDate (line 25), .toString yields ISO 2025-01-15 rather than Excel's locale-formatted date. These literal-coercion paths are uncommon, but worth being aware that text concatenation of typed literals won't be Excel-faithful. If the project has an existing display-string codec (e.g. via decodeAsString), routing literals through that would be more consistent than .toString.

3. FormatCodeParser default-sign change is broader than TEXT (FormatCodeParser.scala:432-434)

val withDefaultSign =
  if value < 0 && format.negative.isEmpty && !formatted.startsWith(\"-\") then s\"-\$formatted\"
  else formatted

This change affects every call site of applyFormat, not just TEXT. The PR description frames it as TEXT-specific but it's actually a behavior change to a shared utility — anyone using NumFmtFormatter.formatValue with a single-section format and a negative number now gets a different string. The fix is correct (the prior behavior of stripping the sign was clearly a bug), but worth calling out in the PR description / commit message so style/HTML-export consumers know to expect different output for single-section formats applied to negatives. Coverage in FormatCodeParserSpec is good.

4. SUBSTITUTE behavior with empty old_text + missing instance (FunctionSpecsText.scala:147-152)

The pattern-match order:

case Some(n) if n < 1 => Left(...)
case _ if oldS.isEmpty => Right(text)
case Some(n) => Right(replaceNthOccurrence(...))
case None => Right(text.replace(oldS, newS))

Looks correct, but consider whether SUBSTITUTE(\"Hello\", \"\", \"X\", 1) (instance=1, but old is empty) should behave like the None case (no-op) or error. Currently it falls through to replaceNthOccurrence with oldS = \"\", which would loop forever because next + oldS.length doesn't advance. Quick check: s.indexOf(\"\", 0) = 0, so findNth(0, 1) returns 0 since count==n. So pos=0 → s.substring(0,0) + \"X\" + s.substring(0+0) = \"X\" + s = \"XHello\". That seems wrong — empty old_text should be a no-op regardless of instance per Excel. Worth a test, and probably reordering the cases so the oldS.isEmpty guard fires before Some(n) => replaceNth.

5. Minor: doc count drift

PR claims 1080+ tests but the math suggests 980 + ~65 = ~1045. Not load-bearing, but the round number sets up the next test-count edit awkwardly. Same for xl-evaluator: ~280 → ~338 (diff actually adds ~58 tests). Consider regenerating from ./mill xl-evaluator.test --reporter MeasureSuite (or similar) rather than estimating.

6. Minor: TRIM via split + mkString

s.split(' ').iterator.filter(_.nonEmpty).mkString(\" \") allocates an intermediate array and several intermediate strings. For typical cell values it's fine; for very long strings (think pasted CSV blobs in a cell) a single-pass StringBuilder would be O(n) with one allocation. Not urgent, but if you ever benchmark text functions, this would show up.

Test coverage notes

  • §9.4 (the returnsNumeric regression test) is exactly the right shape — =MID(A1, SUM(B1:B3), 5), =LEFT(A1, ROUND(B1+0.4, 0)), =MID(A1, ABS(-3), 5) cover three independent BigDecimal sources.
  • Worth adding: =TEXT(A1, \"0.00\") where A1 holds CellValue.Error(...) — currently the error propagation through exprValueForTextFn isn't explicitly tested. The evalValue step should fail first, but worth a smoke test.
  • Worth adding: =VALUE(\" \") (whitespace-only) — currently returns 0 via the empty-after-trim path, which seems right but isn't explicitly tested.

Nits

  • FunctionSpecsText.scala:124find error message \"FIND: 'needle' not found in 'haystack'\" will be very long for big haystacks; consider truncating or omitting the haystack contents in the error.
  • The new arg type aliases TextIntInt, FindArgs, SubstituteArgs, TextArgs in FunctionSpecsBase.scala:311-314 are pretty narrow — at this rate each function gets its own alias. Consider whether the inline tuple type is more readable for one-off shapes, or whether the aliases should be co-located with the function specs that use them.

Overall: ship-it after a quick look at the SUBSTITUTE empty-old_text-with-instance case (#4), since that's the one place where current behavior may diverge from Excel in a user-visible way.

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@arcaputo3 arcaputo3 merged commit c64bfc5 into main May 11, 2026
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